Progress

Pulsotron-3 Initial Test

It was tested charging and discharging, measured the capacitance.

Also, it was made an unloaded target shot that was performed at 100% of the capacitor bank capacity.

The image resolution is low due it was taken using a high-speed camera. It can be seen the detonation of the reactor after the compression. In the early tests of the Pulsotron-1A and 1B Z-pinch machines, some confinement chamber survived to the discharge and could be reused, but it was impossible after overcoming 60 gigapascal pressure.

In the test it was checked some safety systems and also it was acquired the shot performance but the time scale must be modified next time. A lot of jobs must be done before making a loaded test as install radiation sensors, another acquisition system to have enough channels. Also, it will be needed to check the simulations.

Some scientists pointed out the possibility that the discharge could be performed in air, so we usually install optical and electromagnetic sensors that measure the plasma ball dimensions during the discharge. These sensors must be installed in the new machine.

A specific energy sensor is designing now to allow measure the radiated energy including alpha, photons from infrared to ultraviolet and low energy X rays

 

Pulsotron-3 load test and Miranda body built by Zaragoza university

It was finished the structure of Pulsotron-3. It was connected to the HV controller. Also, it was done load test at 20% and discharge test.
Remote measurement system OK also
It must be installed the remote firing system and the target fixture
Miranda reactor is at 32%. We have one of the capacitor banks and the reactor body was built at Zaragoza Spanish University. They needed 2 months and 6 failed reactor bodies to build the final body. We needed to simulate 970000 reactors to decide what was the best of them to be built. It is a magnetic confinement reactor that uses extremely very high density and temperature plasma. Miranda reactor is a totally new reactor with no tokamak shape that allows confining 750keV plasma and also 3.3MeV alpha particles

 

Another reactor family added to the collection

There is a collection of reactors that could generate ignition in different configurations

The last one is designed to try confination of 100% of the alpha particles to make a more useful and compact reactor without external energy harvesting coils, but a lot of new simulations will be done to see if it is possible. This is the result of simulation of the new SIX reactor

 

Simulated 5120 tokamaks configurations using aneutronic fusion

A 63 times improvement is reached from an initial configuration

The achievement was done using the step solver to go through 5200 simulations

In the following table appears the result of the simulations, where the X-axis is the simulation number and the Y-axis is the effective reactor area (in square meters):

In the following figure can be seen one of the 5200 simulations with 196 particles flowing inside the tokamak:

The real effective area must be much lower as it has seen in one of the simulations due the real plasma occupancy inside the torus is far to be  uniform as can be seen in the following figure:

Simulation of Tokamak devices

A solver is used over a simulator to simulate Tokamak devices to look for the possibility to use them in aneutronic fusions in the combustion chamber of the Miranda reactors.
In order to do that a giant magnetic field must be used to confine 550keV particles.
In order to simulate thousand configurations, it is used 4 threads over C++ with improvements like using elliptic integrals to increase the simulation speed
The reactor cross-section divided by collision probability is too high so a lot of simulations must be run to increase the performance.
It is improved the Aeff that is the averaged reactor section by using the “23 fellow system”, which involved to generate vectors of parameters with a variation between them using genetic algorithm but when having more than 23 vectors the worst of them is erased, then the percentage of variation is reduced every time a new vector is obtained as a variation of the 23 fellows.
After 10 kilosimulations of different Tokamaks structures with 4 to 12 toroidal coils are been simulated. Thanks to the 23 fellow system the performance is increased in very few simulations as can be seen in the yield table using logarithmic scales:

Simulation of the confinement chamber of the Miranda reactor

Accordingly simulations using the 4th simulator, version 3 and using the kinetics module designed for magnetic simulators #4 (version 14), it was stated that the containment of the fusion particles reaches almost 100% during the establishment of the magnetic field.


This could help because increase confirmation time over 100 microseconds would allow reaching ignition conditions without enhancement methods (that could be added after).


The data exposed in the excel table were calculated using a two coil system, where it was used the expected confination time. Here are the simulations for only 40 particles in one of the proposed configurations:

Particle Simulations of the Miranda reactor

It is simulated using a new kinetic simulator the Miranda reactor in configuration named 3N30x0945 using protons over 500 keV. It is stated a margin of the 35% over the energy range to confine the particles. The Larmor radius will be under 40% of the thin plasma chamber.

Miranda configuration 3N30x0945 kinetic simulation
Miranda configuration 3N30x0945 magnetic simulation